Internal combustion engine with fuel injection



I Aug. 31, 1937.- J JALBERT 2,091,547

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH FUEL INJECTION Filed May 9, 1935 9 SheetsSheet 2' Fly/ Aug. 31, 1937. J JALBERT 2,091,547

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH FUEL INJECTION Filed May 9, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 Jean Han r E lNVENTOR 24A AT-T Y Aug. 31; 1937.

J. H. JALBERT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH FUEL INJECTION Filed May 9, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 Jean Henfa To. be?! \NVENTOR- WM L Filed May 9, 1935 Kean HQnv' Ta eY+ INVE N'TOE- Aug. 31, 1931.

J. H. JALBERT Filed May 9, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 Aug. 31, 1937.

J H JALBERT 2,091,547 INTERNAL comsusnon Emmi: WITH FUEL nuscnou INVENTOR Jon HenryJ'a/berz ATTORNEY 9 Sheds-Sheet 7 Filed May 9; 1935 Aug. 31 193.7.

J. H. JALBERT Filed May 9, 1955 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 Q Hg. 7 E

INVEN'I'TOIL Aug. 31, 1937. J. H. JALBERT 2,091,547 J INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH FUEL INJECTION 9 Sheets heet 9 Filed May 9, 1935 u r. F

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Patented Aug. 31. 1937 FATENT @FFECE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGENE WITH FUEL INJECTEON Jean Henry .i'albert, Paris, France Application May 9, 1935, Seriai No. 20,538 In France May 24, 193d 41 Claims.

The object of the present invention is to assemble the cylinders of an internal combustion engine with fuel injection so as to render free of the stresses of explosion and compression, the

casing located be ween the cylinders.

The invention is applied to an engine having an injection cylinder for each working cylinder, the injector piston sucking in and injecting a mixture of air and fuel rich in fuel.

Another object of the invention is to increase the mechanical strength of the engine whilst diminishing its weight.

A further object is to assemble longitudinally in a resilient manner the various parts of the casing of the engine whilst opposing flexion along the lines of the shafts.

A still further object is to mount the engine firmly.

An internal combustion engine with fuel injection according to the invention has the characteristics described in the following description and principally those set out in the claims annexed to the end of the description.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are ing drawings, in which:-

Figs. 1a and 1b are the two halves of a longitudinal section of an aircraft engine on the diverted line iiii of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the motor, the portion on the left of the axis of the motor being on the line 2o2a of Fig. 11) whilst the portion on the right is on the line 2b2b of Fig. lb.

Fig. 3 is a partial lateral view of the engine.

Fig. 4 is a partial section on the line t--% of Fig. 3.

Figs. 5a. and 5b are the two halves of a longitudinal section of an aircraft engine according to a variant of the invention, the section being on the diverted line 55-5-5 of Fig. 6.

Fig. ii is a transverse section of the engine of Figs. 5a and 5b, the portion on the left of the axis of the engine being on the line lid-ta of Fig. 5a, whilst the portion on the right is on the line Sir-db of Fig. 5a.

Fig. 7 is a transverw section of the engine 'of Figs. 5a, 5b and 6 viewed from the rear end on the line 'iaio of Fig. 5b for the left-hand portion, the right-hand portion being a section taken one different level to show otherwise hidden parts of the engine.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a portion of a row of cylinders.

illustrated by way of example on the accompany- Fig. 9 is a vertical section on an enlarged scale of a nut assembly of Fig. 7.

Fig. 10 is a transverse section of an engine having aligned inverted cylinders.

Fig. 11 shows on an enlarged scale the valve arrangement for injecting the rich fuel and air mixture from the injection cylinder into the working cylinder.

The aircraft engine shown in Figs. 1a,, lband 2 is a four-stroke injection engine, of H-section comprising sixteen cylinders divided into two banks of eight opposed cylinders, each bank being composed of two blocks of four cylinders 2 2 2 2 so that when one cylinder is working in the explosion phase the opposed cylinder is working on the exhaust or the compression phase.

Each bank of eight cylinders has an engine crank-shaft i.

The two engine crank-shafts l of the two banks of eight cylinders each have at one end a pinion 3 (Fig. 1a) which gears with a toothed wheel d,

' fast on the air-screw shaft 5. Each engine crank shaft i rotates in bearings 6 t 6 t in the casing.

' Fuel is supplied by injection cylinders 30 communicating past valves 3i with the working cylinders 2. Injection pistons 32 which Work in the injection cylinders 3d are driven by a crankshaft 33 itself driven by the engine crank-shaft i through an intermediate shaft 36 and pinions 35, 3t, 3t and 38 with a reduction ratio of 2:1. The shaft 33 also actuates the inlet and. exhaust valves 19 and EMby means of earns 55, 52 and rocker arms 53, 5 (Fig. 2).

Fuel supplied by nozzles 39 39 39 is first sucked together with air into the injection cylinder 3d, the mixture is compressed in the cylinder and then, on automatic opening of the valve 3i, passes into the motor cylinder 2 as the working piston it approaches top-dead-centre at the end of its compression stroke.

The whole of a group of four cylinders 2 2 is enclosed by a jacket 8 for the circulation of cooling water. A cylinder head 9 is joined to the working cylinders with an interposed plastic metallic gasket it.

Strong connections are provided between the several opposed cylinders.

The connections, constituted by bolts H, effect on the one hand assembly of the two half-casings i2 and i3 (Fig. 2) by tightening nuts it, and. on the other hand the same bolts it hold the blocks of the cylinders? 2 by tightening end nuts 85.

The end nuts l simultaneously hold the head 9 on the rims of the cylinders 2 2 and hold the opposite rims of these cylinders 2 2 on the flange l6 of the casing I2, I 3.

5 As a result of the above arrangement, the shock of explosion imparted to each cylinder head is transmitted to the bearings 6 through the bolts H These bolts i I which tightly bind the casing i2, i3 on assembly, alone bear the tension developed as above described, the casing l2, [3

being thus relieved of this stress.

It will be observed moreover that when the explosion stroke is taking place in one cylinder 2 compression or exhaust is occurring in the opposing cylinder 2 the respective crank-pin l is subject to a force which is the difference between the two forces transmitted by the two opposed connecting rods 5| 5H whereby the stress to which the bearings 6 6 of the driving crank- 0 shaft i are subjected is diminished.

Longitudinal rigidity of the casing is ensured by strong steel tubes 40 which extend from end to end of the engine and are tensioned by end nuts 45, whereby the casing is tightly bound longitudinally. The steel tubes 40 extend through half-sleeves M forming struts between two adjacent webs or annular bosses of the casing (Figs. 3 and 4).. The half-sleeves, interconnected by a nut 43 screw-threaded at both ends, in mov-' 30 ing apart compress a rubber annulus 44 forming a shock-absorbing joint. This mode of assembly using longitudinal tie-rods effectively opposes bending along the line of the shaft and maintains the assembled members in their correct operative position.

Moreover the longitudinal tubes 40 can advantageously be used in mounting the engine on the chassis.

The aircraft engine shown in Figs. 5a, 5b, 6,

40 and 7 has the same constructional features as the engine shown in Figs. 1a to 4.

Each of the cylinders 2 2 is enclosed by a jacket 8 for the circulation of cooling water. The working cylinders 2 screw into the cylinder head 45 9 cast-with the jacket 8.

The shock of explosion is transmitted by the steel cylinder 2 to its base on the casing.

The two half-casings I2 and I3 are joined one to the other by tightening nuts on bolts Hi to (Figs. 5a to 9).

I Steel bridge-pieces 2| are threaded over the ends of the bolts I 9 and bear on a retaining flange on the cylinders 2. Consequently, the shock of explosion imparted to the cylinder head 9 is 5.0 transmitted along the cylinder 2, by the steel composing the cylinder, then by the bridge-piece 2!, to the bolt 19 and to the line of the shaft.

There are thus provided injection engines which 4 for a givenv power have a reduced weight and to maximum mechanical strength.

The same mode of construction can be applied moreover to an engine having a single line of cylinders such as is shown in Fig. 10, which shows an injection engine having a line of inverted cyl- 135 inders and injection cylinders compressing a rich fuel and air mixture. The bolts 19 connect the two casings l2 and I3 by tightening nuts 20. The cylinder 2 is fixed to the casing l3 by tightening the bridge-piece 2|, by means of the nut 22,

70 against the base 25 of the cylinder.

The longitudinal tubes 40 threaded through the bosses 42 and held by the nuts 45 fulfil the same purpose as in the sixteen cylinder motor described above and are mounted in a similar manner.

75 The invention also includes a distributing device interposed between the injection cylinder 32 and the working cylinder 2 The valve 3i of the distributingdevice resting on its seat 12 is maintained in place by its spring 13 and thus closes the recessed chamber into which the injection passages 74 open (see Fig. 11) The seating I2 extends by an inclined surface'l5 beyond the valve and the wall of the working cylinder. The cone of angle 0: thus mechanically provided and different from the cone formed by the seating proper, enables the designer to direct the mixture injected into the air in the combustion chamber so that anas homogeneous as possible distribution of fuel mixture occurs in the chamber and consequently the combustion is as uniform as possible.

' Moreover the valve 3| has a cylindrical extension 11 which cooperates with the inclined extension 15 to guide and distribute the fuel mixture in the combustion chamber.

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a casing consisting of two pieces disposed one upon the other to form a joint, cylinders arranged in oppositely disposed pairs and having a common perpendicular axis with respect to the joint of the casing,eachcylinder being provided at its open end with a flange attached to the casing, a piston, a plurality of bridge pieces, each bridge piece being attached to the flanges of two adjacent cylinders, bolts disposed parallel to the axes of the cylinders and connected to the two pieces of the casing and the bridge pieces, lock nuts provided at the ends of said stay bolts and attached to the bridg pieces.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a casing, motor cylinders arranged in oppositely disposed pairs, each cylinder being provided with a flange on its open edge, said flange being attached to the casing, a piston mounted in each cylinder, a plurality of bearings being mounted on the casing, a crank shaft provided with crank pins mounted in the said bearings each crank pin of the crank shaft being common to two oppositely disposed pistons, a plurality of bridge pieces, each of said bridge pieces being attached to the flanges of two adjacent cylinders, stay bolts disposed parallel to the axes of the cylinders and connected to the bridge pieces, a plurality of retaining nuts provided at the ends of the said stay bolts and attached to the said bridge pieces, tubular stay bolts attached in a longitudinal direction to the casing means for reenforcing the tubular stay bolts and the casing in a transverse direction, nuts provided on the ends of the tubular stay bolts and resting upon the casing.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a casing comprising hollow exterior bosses, cylinders arranged in oppositely disposed pairs, each cylinder being provided at its open end with a. flange attached to the casing, a piston mounted in each cylinder, bearings mounted in the casing, a crank shaft provided with crank pins mounted in the said bearings each crank pin of the crank shaft being common to two oppositely disposed pistons, a plurality of transverse stay bolts having axes disposed parallel to the axes of the cylinders and resting upon the flanges of the open ends of the cylinders, sleeves forming struts and arranged between said hollow bosses and the sleeves, nuts provided with an inversely threaded bore disposed on the said sleeves, a plurality of tubular stay bolts disposed in the hollow bosses and. in the sleeves, nuts screwed onto the tubes and resting upon the outermost bosses.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a casing, motor cylinders arranged in oppositely disposed pairs mounted on said casing, each cylinder being provided with a flange on its open edge, said 5 flange being attached to the casing, a piston mounted in each cylinder, a plurality of bearings mounted on the casing, a crank shaft provided with crank pins mounted in the said bearings each crank pin of the-crank shaft being common to'two oppositely disposed pistons, a plurality of bridge pieces each of said bridge pieces being attached to the flanges of two adjacent cylinders, stay bolts disposed parallel to the axes of the cylinders and connected to the bridge pieces, a plurality of retaining nuts provided at the ends of the said stay bolts and attached to the said bridge pieces said stay bolts being tensioned by means of nuts which traverse the casing in a longitudinal direction from one end to the other and assure rigidity of the construction and form a support for the engines.

JEAN HENRY 'JALBERT. 

